On Sept. 18, 2010, at approximately 5 p.m., plaintiff Maria Sanchez, a clothing store owner in her 40s, was driving on Mountain View Avenue in Huntington Park, accompanied by her husband, plaintiff Sinibaldo Sanchez, a production leadman in his 40s, in the front passenger seat, and their minor children, plaintiffs Joselyn and Diana Sanchez, in the rear seats. As they approached the intersection at Grand Avenue, a rental vehicle traveling in front of them and operated by Arturo Pinedo Orozco attempted to make a U-turn maneuver. As a result, the front of the Sanchez vehicle struck the driver’s side of Orozco’s vehicle. All of the occupants of the Sanchez vehicle claimed neck and back . Ms. Sanchez, acting individually and as guardian ad litem for Joselyn and Diana, and Mr. Sanchez sued Orozco. They alleged that the defendant was negligent in the operation of his vehicle. Specifically, they claimed that as they approached the subject intersection, Orozco made a sudden and unexpected U-turn, causing the collision. Orozco denied making a sudden and unexpected maneuver, and claimed that the collision resulted from Ms. Sanchez speeding as she approached the intersection. Thus, he claimed that Ms. Sanchez’s negligence was the sole cause of the accident., Within days of the accident, the Sanchezes all presented to a chiropractor for treatment of their alleged neck and back complaints. They claimed that they each sustained soft-tissue strains and sprains to their spine. However, Ms. Sanchez claimed that her were considered worse and that MRIs revealed lumbar disc bulges. The Sanchez family all treated their spinal with some physical therapy. While Mr. Sanchez and his two young children claimed minor residual complaints, his wife claimed she still requires further treatment for her lower back. In addition, Ms. Sanchez claimed the injury has affected her ability to run her store, as well as caused other physical restrictions. Thus, the Sanchezes sought recovery of damages for their pain and suffering. Ms. Sanchez also sought recovery of roughly $9,000 in past medical costs and an unspecified amount of damages for her future medical costs. Defense counsel disputed the nature and extent of the Sanchezes’ , specifically arguing that Ms. Sanchez suffered from pre-existing, degenerative conditions.