On June 15, 2011, plaintiff Erin Williams, 54, an artist, presented to Dr. Randolph Nordyke, a podiatrist, with complaints of left foot pain and discomfort. Nordyke confirmed a prior diagnosis of Morton’s neuroma in Williams’ left foot. Over the course of three months, Nordyke treated Williams’ foot with seven cortisone (specifically Kenalog-40) injections. Williams alleged that Nordyke’s treatment resulted in the development of plantar (fat pad) atrophy in her left foot. Williams sued Nordyke, alleging that the defendant’s actions constituted negligence and medical malpractice. Specifically, Williams claimed that Nordyke caused her plantar atrophy condition with his injections. Thus, she claimed that the type and frequency of the injections fell below the medical standard of care, resulting in the atrophy. Nordyke argued that his treatment of Williams, specifically the steroid and alcohol injections, was appropriate and within the standard of care. He further argued that Williams did not suffer from plantar atrophy and that the alleged condition was unrelated to Williams’ Morton’s neuroma or treatment of that condition., Williams contended that she developed plantar atrophy of the left foot. She claimed that her condition affects her mobility, as she once led a very active lifestyle, and that the condition has slowed down her ability to hike and engage in other physical activity. She also claimed that she is now required to wear shoe cushions. Thus, Williams sought recovery of $225,000 in damages for her pain and suffering. Defense counsel argued that Williams did not have plantar atrophy, but rather suffered from natural atrophy caused by age and nothing else.