On April 9, 2013, plaintiff Nkechi Emeruwa, a woman in her 30s, was driving a 1989 Volvo 240DL along Alabama Street, near the intersection with 18th Street, in San Francisco, when a vehicle operated by Ellen Hathaway exited a parking lot and attempted enter the roadway. As a result, the right, front corner of Emeruwa’s vehicle was struck by the left, front corner of Hathaway’s vehicle. Emeruwa claimed to her neck and back. Emeruwa sued Hathaway, alleging that Hathaway was negligent in the operation of her vehicle. The matter continued to non-binding arbitration. Emeruwa claimed that Hathaway exited a parking lot and attempted to unsafely enter traffic, causing the collision. Defense counsel asserted that Emeruwa was at least partially to blame for the collision., Emeruwa claimed that she sustained soft-tissue to her neck and back. She subsequently underwent chiropractic treatment, but she claimed that she continues to suffer occasional pain. Defense counsel disputed the seriousness of Emeruwa’s alleged . Counsel contended that Emeruwa was not injured in the crash and that if she was, Emeruwa’s should have resolved within three weeks of the incident.