On March 9, 2015, plaintiff Rebecca Lim, 57, a nurse, was driving on U.S. Route 101, in Silverlake. Her vehicle’s rear end was struck by a trailing vehicle that was being driven by Angelica Valdez. Lim claimed that she suffered of her neck and a shoulder. Lim sued Valdez. The lawsuit alleged that Valdez was negligent in the operation of her vehicle. Defense counsel conceded liability. The trial addressed damages., Lim was transported to a hospital. She underwent minor treatment. Lim ultimately claimed that she suffered a full-thickness tear of a shoulder’s rotator cuff. She also claimed that she suffered trauma that produced protrusions of her C4-5, C5-6 and C6-7 intervertebral discs. Lim underwent arthroscopic surgery that addressed her torn shoulder. Her disc protrusions were addressed via rhizotomies, which involved ablation of problematic spinal nerves, and administration of painkilling nerve-block injections Lim claimed that she suffers residual pain and limitations. She also claimed that she requires further treatment. She sought recovery of $654,000, which comprised $98,125 for past medical expenses, an unspecified amount for future medical expenses, and damages for past and future pain and suffering. Defense counsel contended that most of Lim’s treatment was related to Lim suffered before and after the accident.